"user314" (user314)
10/16/2020 at 11:00 • Filed to: flightline, Planelopnik, planelopnik history
5
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"user314" (user314)
10/16/2020 at 11:00 • Filed to: flightline, Planelopnik, planelopnik history | 5
| 10 |
USMC MV-22 Ospreys on the deck of USS Bataan
After the disastrous failure at Desert One during the !!!error: Indecipherable SUB-paragraph formatting!!! , the US DOD recognized that there existed a requirement for a transport that could take off and land vertically, but also travel long distance at speed. The Joint-service Vertical take-off/landing Experimental (JVX) program was begun in 1981 to obtain and combine requirements from the Army, Navy, Marines and USAF. In late 1982 a request for proposals was released, attracting interest from !!!error: Indecipherable SUB-paragraph formatting!!! , !!!error: Indecipherable SUB-paragraph formatting!!! , !!!error: Indecipherable SUB-paragraph formatting!!! , !!!error: Indecipherable SUB-paragraph formatting!!! , !!!error: Indecipherable SUB-paragraph formatting!!! , and !!!error: Indecipherable SUB-paragraph formatting!!! . Bell later teamed with Boeing Vertol, submitting a design based on the former’s XV-15 tiltrotor.
Early concept image of V-22 Osprey. Probably from mid to late-1980s.
Bell/Boeing submitted the only design, and were awarded a preliminary design contract was awarded on 26 April 1983. In 1985 the Bell/Boeing JVX design was named the !!!error: Indecipherable SUB-paragraph formatting!!! , and given the designation V-22, with USMC Osprey known as MV-22 and USAF CV-22, in part to avoid confusion with USN carrier designation (CV). By March of that year, the first half-dozen prototypes were under construction, with work split between Bell and Boeing. The first V-22 was rolled out in 1988, but the program also suffered major issues that year. Costs ballooned, from $2.5 billion in 1986 to a projected $30 billion in 1988. Citing a need to focus on other programs, the US Army dropped out of the program. The following year, the US Senate voted twice to cancel the Osprey, though the program survived. The DOD then ordered the Navy to not spend more money on the V-22, and SecDef Cheney tried several times from 1989 to 1992 to defund the program, though he was overruled by Congress.
Bell-Boeing’s first V-22 prototype transitions to forward flight.
The first of six prototypes first flew on 19 March 1989 in the helicopter mode, and on 14 September 1989 in fixed-wing mode. Sea trials were completed on !!!error: Indecipherable SUB-paragraph formatting!!! in December 1990, though the program was marred by crashes of the fourth and fifth prototypes in 1991 and 1992. The V-22 was grounded until June of 1993 to make needed changes. From October 1992 – April 1993, the V-22 was redesigned to reduce empty weight, simplify manufacture, and reduce build costs; resulting in the V-22B variant. The existing prototypes were upgraded to the new standard, and in 1997 flight testing of the first four full-scale development V-22s began at !!!error: Indecipherable SUB-paragraph formatting!!! . Testing soon fell behind schedule, though a second round of sea trials on !!!error: Indecipherable SUB-paragraph formatting!!! was accomplished in 1999.
On 8 April 2000, a night training exercise of four MV-22 in Arizona resulted in one aircraft crashing, killing the 19 Marines on board, and another suffered a hard landing, though no one aboard were killed. The V-22 was grounded again while the crash investigation was conducted, during which issues with the V-22's design, as well as with crew training, were the causes of the crash. As the V-22 descended to land it was dropping at 2,000 feet a minute, well above the prescribed 800 feet a minute. The speed caused the aircraft to enter an aerodynamic condition known as
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. In this condition, a vortex envelops the rotor, causing an aircraft to lose lift, in essence descending in its own
!!!error: Indecipherable SUB-paragraph formatting!!!
. Flight testing resumed after the board rendered its conclusions, but another MV-22 crashed in December 2000, killing four Marines.
Despite the accidents, by June 2005 the V-22 completed its final operational evaluation, including long-range deployments, high altitude, desert and shipboard operations. In September of 2005, the Pentagon approved full-rate production of the V-22, ordering 458 aircraft (360 for the USMC, 50 for the USAF, and 48 for the Navy). The USAF officially accepted the CV-22 in 2006, and the MV-22 reaching !!!error: Indecipherable SUB-paragraph formatting!!! the following year. Despite being in the 2005 contract, the Navy did not acquire any of the 48 HV-22 mentioned. In 2015, the Navy signed an MOU to buy 44 redesigned CMV-22B Osprey for COD (carrier on-board delivery) beginning in 2018, with initial delivery expected in 2020. The CMV-22 has larger sponsons, which carry additional fuel, as well as a high-frequency radio. The type will also include a hoist on the ramp, allowing it to deliver cargo to other Navy ships, replacing some helicopters.
A CMV-22B landing at Pax River after being ferried from the Bell Assembly Center in Texas.
In 2014, the Japanese Self-Defence Force decided to acquire 17 MV-22Bs, with the first delivery occurring in August of 2017. The JSDF Osprey are based at !!!error: Indecipherable SUB-paragraph formatting!!! , with plans to station some on the !!!error: Indecipherable SUB-paragraph formatting!!! (*cough* !!!error: Indecipherable SUB-paragraph formatting!!! *cough*).
Potential conversion of the Izumo to a full aircraft carrier, with angled deck and EMALS
India, Indonesia, Israel, South Korea and the UAE have expressed varying degrees of interest in acquiring V-22 of their own, though as of 2020 none have formally acted.
In addition to the transport versions currently in service, other variants were studied during development:
An AEW&C version known as the EV-22, which would replace the E-2 in US Navy service as well as the Sea King ASaC.7 in Royal Navy service
SV-22 Anti-submarine warfare variant, to replace the S-3 and SH-2.
Neither was pursued, though Bell/Boeing continue to pursue options.
Rendering of an EV-22 AEW variant, showing the new triangular radar pylon.
!!! UNKNOWN CONTENT TYPE !!!
In 2017, !!!error: Indecipherable SUB-paragraph formatting!!! , the Marine helicopter squadron responsible for transporting the President, VP, and other senior leadership, recieved 12 MV-22B, replacing its fleet of CH-46 helicopters for support operations.
HMX-1's first MV-22B, in the squadron’s traditional gloss olive drab paint scheme.
SBA Thanks You For All The Fish
> user314
10/16/2020 at 11:07 |
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!!! UNKNOWN CONTENT TYPE !!!
I’ve never really understood the use of a gloss finish in this application ...
Future next gen S2000 owner
> user314
10/16/2020 at 11:09 |
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JSOC also came out of that missions as well. That seems to be the better of the two.
ttyymmnn
> SBA Thanks You For All The Fish
10/16/2020 at 11:13 |
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It’s fauncy.
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ttyymmnn
> user314
10/16/2020 at 11:14 |
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This is a great article:
Flying The Osprey Is Not Dangerous, Just Different: Veteran Pilots
One of the biggest problems we’ve had in the [pilot] community is getting past the idea that it’s a helicopter that flies fast. It’s not. It’s an airplane that hovers. And if you fly the airplane like a helicopter, yes, it’s very difficult to fly as a helicopter. And if you do that, you have a very good chance of having a problem with controllability because of the way the aircraft operates. If you fly it like an airplane and you are willing to take the time to understand the capabilities of it in helicopter, it’s a very, very easy airplane to fly.
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user314
> SBA Thanks You For All The Fish
10/16/2020 at 11:19 |
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AFAIK it’s simply because they’re used for VIP transport, so someone figured that they have to look nice. That’s pretty much why the “White Tops” look that way:
At one point, an engineer named Harry Asbury noticed that some commercial airlines were painting the tops of their aircraft white to reduce the temperature of the interiors. Rumor has it that the paint upset the [HMX-1] pilots and maintenance crews, since it created a lot of extra work and didn’t even have a significant impact on the temperature in the cabin. Nevertheless, the “white tops” have persisted, becoming the trademark of
Marine One
for more than five decades.
For Sweden
> SBA Thanks You For All The Fish
10/16/2020 at 11:35 |
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Marines like shiny things
Vlachen
> For Sweden
10/16/2020 at 12:14 |
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Truth.
gmporschenut also a fan of hondas
> ttyymmnn
10/16/2020 at 13:18 |
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In my understanding 2 of the crashes a main failure point was former fixed wing pilots not moving forward when they experienced the vortex ring. Instead reverting to their aircraft training and jamming the throttle
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ttyymmnn
> gmporschenut also a fan of hondas
10/16/2020 at 14:03 |
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Seems to me it would probably be best to take guys straight to the Osprey and skip any other preliminary flight training.
iheartburpees
> For Sweden
10/17/2020 at 03:26 |
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Crayons aren’t really shiny